Oregon Educator Licensure Assessments (ORELA) Practice Exam

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Which of the following describes phoneme deletion?

Identifying sounds that have been removed from a word
Recognizing phonemes in the middle of a word
Combining two phonemes to form a complete word
Changing the last sound of a word to create a new one

The correct answer is: Identifying sounds that have been removed from a word

Phoneme deletion refers to the ability to recognize when a phoneme, which is the smallest unit of sound in a spoken word, is omitted from that word. This skill involves identifying and manipulating sounds within words, which is crucial for developing phonemic awareness. For instance, if the word "sand" has the initial /s/ sound deleted, it becomes "and." Recognizing which sound has been removed helps strengthen a student's reading and spelling abilities by reinforcing their understanding of how sounds function within words. The other options represent different aspects of phonological awareness but do not accurately describe phoneme deletion. Recognizing phonemes in the middle of a word pertains to phoneme identification, while combining phonemes to form a word relates to phoneme blending. Changing the last sound of a word forms a new word, which is an example of phoneme substitution rather than deletion.