Oregon Educator Licensure Assessments (ORELA) Practice Exam

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What does phoneme isolation require a child to do?

Identify the vowel sound in a word
Create blends from separate sounds
Recognize individual sounds in words
Segment a word into its phonemes

The correct answer is: Recognize individual sounds in words

Phoneme isolation is a foundational skill in phonemic awareness, which involves recognizing individual sounds in words. This skill requires a child to be able to distinguish and identify a single phoneme from other sounds within a spoken word. For example, if asked to isolate the initial sound in the word "cat," the child would need to recognize that the first sound is the /k/ sound. This ability is crucial for early readers to develop since it forms the basis for more complex tasks like blending and segmenting phonemes, which are necessary for decoding and spelling. The other options, while related to phonemic awareness, describe different aspects of phonemic processing that do not specifically focus on isolation. Recognizing individual sounds helps children build a strong phonological foundation for literacy development.